In 2000, the National Reading Panel (NRP) reviewed thousands of studies on reading research. The National Reading Panel’s analysis made it clear that the best approach to reading instruction is a combination of explicit instruction in phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension. More recent research challenged the NRP’s original assumption that spelling develops naturally as a result of direct instruction in phonics and phonemic awareness. Literacy experts agree that spelling must be explicitly taught and that students need opportunities to apply phonics skills to writing.
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